Combing machine



Math 1935- J. FOSSEL 1,994,175

COMBING MACHINE I Filed Mai'ch s, 1953 Tcseph sel dj WW Aiicrny atented Mar. 12, I r I I g V w ensues Y ooMm-NG k 7 Joseph 'Fossel, Grafton, Mass.,'assignor"to tian Machine Works, Ltd., Boston, Mass.,' 2.

corporation of'Massachusetts i l l a The present-inventionrelates to :combingma that a Prim ive clamping motion .is =:obtaine.d. by ohines and. particularly :to .a: novel 'tconstruction said. rollers :the sliimr, :thereby providing for by whicha positiverfeeding .action iof the sliver 2a .PQSifiMG cmitnol ianfirmovement lofeach tindiand also a positive-detaching action is procured. widual fiberiin itheisliver during the operation of .5 In prior devices of :this characten-J the teed thewomher. -5E0 :this endyithe mollersare 'zpro- ,-5 roller hasbeen weighted and supported :in enadded with 1a; relatively :;small ;number :of teeth *gage'ment with:afsilienteusljon plate in anat or :ribs ipresenting :outerrsunfaces iof substantial tempt .to procure a'positive feeding actioniof'the width with :the spacing ihetween .safid ribssufii sliver :pass'ingfi therebetween, as .well :as alip'osi- :ciently :greatto rrnreventza, ipositive clampingof 1-0 bive holding :actionon-the sliver duringtheloper the fibersaatzanyipointsrexceptrbetweenzthe outer a'tion of thejdetaching rollers. In 1 these .con-' "ends of thefflutes sand the-cooperating :pressure struotions, however, it has been impossible to member. :7 a v obtain such positive feeding and holding ac @ltherand .ifiurthergob ieets' and advantages of tion as :to provide for the formation of a :uniibhGHLVBIItiQDZWiHgBDDBM' from theifollowingydeform sliver .as the latter passeszbeyond the-demailedirlescription shaken :inzoonnection withithe 1'5 eaching rollers; "mhe inability of theieed l-roller encomptmying nurturing,lin".v'vlhich nsr to holcl the sliverpositively has resulted in weak 'zliislawettical sectionfthrough rthefieecling spots in the sliver "as itfl leaves :the'zeletaching mechanism andztheirletadhingmollersnf a eombrollers, and also resultsin .an 'uneven drawing 'ing:macleine, ithis iview being substantially along action when the sliver'is lateriattenuatedbyiiiraw ltheline l-w-l r =ing rollers in draw boxes or in drawing iramesl Fig.2 dslazinontilevationxzftthe .nipper blade,

Since the=principalpurpose of the com'bing acthe i feed. 7111511613, andithe icushion plate, ithe ..de-

tion -is-to remove short fibers Land to straighten tacliingmdllersishaiving Z-heen :removed. ;v

'and aline the long fibers into-ja uniform sliver Fig..fijiszanientlielevationaozfrthefeeding:mechwhich will be'su'niiorm inywei lt throughout its, a a r 1 width so thatsubsequent operations on theisli-ver Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical secwi'lliresultina-uniformmaterialvfreevfrom-weak tionishowing itheccooperation of the :feed :roller or thin places, an y' fa'ilureof =the oombersto pro andnoushioniplate; l a

vide a unifiorm-sliver will result ina nonsuniform "Rig, iis'eanzerilarged fragmentary sectional 39 completed filament.

fine of the principal =objeets of'vthe presentT in-' iaike=zrefierenoe'lcharaetersmefer tolike parts in mentionvisto provide'for feeding and holding -of ,thezdifierenit-itigm' es; V l J rthe sliver in :the combing machine so that, tint-- t-i'iRefeniingflirst 'fto iL-Ethe sliver :1 passes being ithe :advanc'ing movement :of' the sliver, al1 tween ra iteed rollert-2 wantiatoushion-zplate 3 and portions of said sliver are advanced positively isiadvanoediby saiuiroller.ovierItheforward end of 35 and uniformlyhand'so thatd-uringthe-detaching thenusmonmlatebetween a nii-pperblade 4 and operationeach individual fiber in the'sliver :will the iforwrtl end 5 1015 said lcushion plate, The a be'positively held against unintended advancing cushioni 'plateflteed roller Land the :n'ipper blade movement with the' exception oi the 'few lend areraill mountemonithemipper iirame fi which, dur

- 1 fibers intended to be-detached,so:thata uniform ingitheiopeuationlofimemember is acl'vancedto- 0 detaching operation :isprocu'red. i i 1 wardztherletaohinguvollervfl:andB- fOra detachi erm provideza, 111 ifo'mn sliver,itiisuneceswv 'ing operation and retracted from :said detaching sary -;to ,obta,i i d t t iheuni'fo -m ."feed rollers :zfior :a combing mperation on 'the "part of ing'an'dholding action,':a positive detaching ae the tfibers pro jeotinglbeyond ithe nipper blade 4. 45, tion,1and a further object of thejinvention The mechariismibyiwhich thissisprocured-isnot aocordinglm to provide for a- :positive detaching shown and may be of any suitable well-known by a me'chanismby which the combed fibers pro: constructions-as mlisolosedfor example in the patjecting ib'eyon'd the end' of the cushion :plate and tent :to 'Eriunstall 'NoI11;3515076,-granted August '31, notsecurely held. by' the feedrollerwill'all be 1920.:- fllhe n'i-pper blade ifiis carried onar-ms -10 5 tive .idetaching. action; in i COIlllBCtiOllfWithihe sai'd tblade toward or awayrfrom tlie end 5 of the positive :feeding :aetion, results in-:a completed Cushion plate;- mheconr'bi ng oylinderand the opsliiler-Whichis of a uniform Weight throughout; erati-ng meohanism i'or tlgm nipper blade l-iave-not Agcording .130 the present inventidn; =the'ifeed been iruiicatetl in the tre-wing, since the opera- Miller (and; :the #:letaehing 'roller =are' uformed "so tion of th-is structtme' in connection with the *re- 55 view :ofion'e xof the :detaclfingirollers. 30

positively detachedirom .the sliver. This :posiand ilii jounn'alefl on ia sha ft 12 for'movement of 5,0.

g Y latter involves the particular formation of the rnainder of the mechanism is wellknown and fully described in the above cited Tunstall patent.

The back detaching roller 7 is mounted in fixed bearings in the comber frame and cooperates with an oscillatory pressureroller 13, which is positioned above the roller 7 and is carried by an arm l hthe latter being movable in the r usual manner by any-suitable mechanism to oscillate said roller 13 over the surface .of the detaching roller for procuring the detaching operation. The '1 front detaching roller 8 cooperates with a pressure roller 15 mounted in fixed bearings not shown to carry the slivervaway from' the detaching roller 7.

The above described structure is, in general, well known in combing machines and is not, of itself,

the invention of the presentapplication; The

has a portion 18 directly beneath the feed roller 2 which is slightly greater in radius than the radius of the feedroller, and, which is; arranged to provide forcontact between said surface and at least three of the teeth on the feed roller at all times. The. point-of, contact abetween the cushion plate andthe feed roller is.directly beheath the center of said roller, as will be apparent from Fig. 4, and from this point,'the surface 1'7 gradually retracts from the surface of the'feed roller on a larger radiusto form asmooth curve overwhichthe sliver'is advanced. 'Forwardly of the surface 18 of the cushionplateis locatedthe end 5 of the cushion plate,'which end engages, as above stated, with the nipper blade 4 during the combing operation; 7 .I l

The feed roller- 2lis provided with/a relatively small number of ribs 20 on theperiphery thereof-,,.each rib providing an; outer fiat surface 21 of material width for; engagement. with the surface 18 of the cushion plate. 'Each of the surfaces 21 is concentric to the axis of .therollerand is sub.- stantiallyone-sixty fourth .of an1inch in width and the opposite sides of each rib extend at-an angle of substantially forty-five degrees to each other. The diameter of 'the roller.2. is sufficiently great to avoid any bending ofsaid roller during the movement of thesliver between said roller and the ,cushionplate, and in the. construction shown is substantially one and one-eighth inches in diameter. It has been found that'for proper operation of. the feeding mechanism a roller. having twenty-four ribs, fora diameter of one andonee eighth inches is preferable in orderto obtain positive feeding of the sliver without crushing of the fibers..

Thefeed roller Z-isurged into engagementwith the cushion plate 3 .at a predetermined,.-pressure.

Referring now to Figs. 2, and 3, the-ends of the roller 2 provide bearing surfaces 22 which are engaged by bearing blocks 23. Each. of, the hearing blocks is carried on a vertical rod 24 slidable in openings provided by horizontally. projecting ears25 on thenipperframefi. Aspiring-26 ,SUI'. rounds each rod;24 and engagesat one end, one of the cars 25; the other end of the spring engages a collar 27'secured. against movement on the rod 24.. 1

The springs 26 located at opposite ends of the feed roller maintain a positive predetermined pressure vertically downward on said roller, which maintain the, ribs of the roller in positive engage ment with the arcuate surface 18 of thecushion plate.

' he width of the arcuate surface 18 as above stated is sufficient to provide for engagement of. ,at least three of the ribs of thefeed roller-there with at all times, and the positive action of the springs 26 thereby maintains a pluralityof'dis I tinct clamping actions between each of said-ribs f andthe cushion plate, so that each. individual fiber in the sliver is securely heId-again'stunintended movement during the action of the detach-. ing rollers. During thejrotation of the feed roller "I 2 toprocure advancing movement of thesliver} I the definite engagement between the cushion plate and the plurality-0f ribswiththefeed 'rolle er'results in-a positive feeding actiong 'thereby providing for. a definite. advancefof eachfibe'r of the sliver to the desired extent; r

' In order to .procurea uniform sliverhfollowingthe action of thedetachingi rollers, it is necessary.

to provide for a positive detaching action; "To

this end, the detaching rollers 77. and: 8 are each provided with a series of ribsycorre'sponding-r in, shape to thev ribs onthefeed roller 2., 'As shown in Fig. 5, the roller 7 which issubstantially-one inch in diameter in the particular:arrangement 'shown'is' preferably provided with approximately thirty-three ribs 28, this particular ,.number ,of flutes being found to operate mostsatisfactorily v in the'positive'detaching of .the fibers fromithe v7 sliver. .Each of the ribs 28 has an outer surface 30 substantially one-sixty fourth; of an" inch-in width, and the opposite faces31'ofeach of the ribs extend at anangle of substantially forty: five degrees to eachother; The width of the outer surfaces on successive ribs Variesfs'lightly from the basic Width on. the orderof fromtwo'to' seven-thousandths of an inch to avoid theformation of permanent grooves in the smooth-surface of the cooperating pressure roller 13.

The operation of the combing machinegeneral corresponds .to the operationofthe comber, i1 disclosed in the above cited Tunstall .patentsQIt will be noted that as the nipperframe'fiadvances' into. the positionindicated in Fig. 1,;thenipper v blade 4 ,is'elevated out of engagementwith the tip 5 in a cushion plate, and the feed roller 2 is turned clockwise to procure a predetermined ad-ivance of the sliver 1.: As the nipperzframe reaches the advanced position shown, the. coun.-'

terclockwise rotationof'the detaching: rol1er. 7,

which occurs at this time, engages, the ,end ofthe fibers of the sliver which have-been previously combed, and draws," them out of the remainder-of the sliver held by the feed roller 2. The partice .ular construction of-the feed roller 2 inconnection with a rigidly formed cushion plategwhich latter by reason of its integral upwardly extend ing portion 16 retainsxitsproper configuration regardless ofthe thickness of the sliver passing between. said plate and the roller 2;;provides as' pointed'out above,1fora positive advanceofthe I 1 sliver .during theturning movement of said roller and also'for a positive holding of'the fibers ofthe' sliver during the detachingaction'of theiroller -7;cooperating with the pressure rollergl3z 'fiThe detaching roller 7, as -vvill be apparent,f?obtains byg-the configuration of the ribs thereon :a positive clamping action. between s'aidtribsxa'nd: .the

' ing roller.

roller and said surface at all times.

cooperating pressure roller, and thereby procures a positive separation of the end fibers in the sliver from the mass of fibers held by the feed roller.

It may be noted that the novel type of fluting on the feed roller is such that the sliver maintains a uniform width as it passes between said roller and the cushion plate. It has been possible by the present invention to eliminate the heretofore necessary. guides on or adjacent the cushion plate which pprevented thersliver from spreading between the feed roller and the detach- The elimination of the guides-results in a more uniform detaching'action, as will be apparent, and also eliminates excessive ffly which is necessarily an incident to a comber which requires guides-for holding'the sliver to the desired width. V

From" the foregoing, itwill be'apparent that the invention resides particularly in the provision of a feed roller having ribs arranged in such a'manner as to provide for positive engagement between said roller and the cushion plate, which latter is also arranged to provide a rigid surface against which the sliver'is clamped by said feed roller. The arcuate surface of the cushion plate is arranged to provide for a positive engagement between at least three of the ribs on :the feed In conjunction with the novel feed roller and cushion plate, the invention involves the'provisionof a detaching roller having a novel arrangement of fluting on its periphery to provide for a positive detaching action. The novel detaching roller cooperates with the feed roller and cushion plate toprcduce a more uniform resulting sliver than has been previously obtained in prior art mechanisms.

I claim, 7

1. In a combing machine, theicombination of a feed rollerhaving a relatively small number of ribs, each'of which presents anoutersurface V V of material width, with the opposite faces of each rib extending at an angle of substantial forty five degrees to each other, said outer surfaces being all substantially one sixty-fourth of an inch in width, and a cushion plate providing a rigid arcuate surface of sufficient width for enagement simultaneously with at least three of the-ribs on the roller, said roller being supported in a position'for engagement with said surface;

and means for urging said roller towards said plate with a predetermined pressure. I

2. In a combing machine, the combination with a cushion plate providing a smoothrigid surface,

of a feed roller engaging said plate, said roller having a relatively small number of ribs, each presenting an outer surface of material width, with the opposite faces of each rib extending at an angle of substantially forty-five degrees to each other, said outer surfaces being all approximately one sixty-fourth of an inch in width, and a detaching roller cooperating 'with said feed roller and cushion plate, said detaching roller 7 having a relatively small number of ribs each presenting an outer surfacerof substantial width with the opposite faces of each of said ribs extending at an angle of substantially forty-five degrees to each other, said outer surfaces of the detaching roller being all substantially uniform in width.

3. ma combing machine, the combinationi of a detaching roller ,havinga relatively small number of ribs in theperiphery thereof, the outer surface of each 'of-said ribs being of material width and concentric to the axis of the roller-with theiopposite faces. of each rib extending at an angle of substantially forty-five degrees to each other," said outer surfacesbeing all approximately one sixty-fourth of an inch in width, and means for positively holding the sliver in the machine duringthe operation of said detaching roller, said means comprising a rigid cushion plate present-e ing a smooth arcuate surface cooperating with a said ribs extending at an angle of substantially forty-five degrees to each other, said ribs each having an outer surface of substantial width,

' feed roller, the latter'having a relatively small number of ribs with the opposite faces of each of, 

